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PHA 301 & PHA 304. FOUNDATIONS OF PHARMACY PRACTICE TWO CREDITS EACH The purpose of this course sequence is to provide the student with the foundational concepts and skills needed to practice pharmacy in the 21st century as the role of the pharmacist expands and continues to change. In addition to one's knowledge of the scientific basis of practice, the ability to communicate and be an effective team member is critical to the pharmacist's role as an educator, clinician and member of the health-care team. As such, the student will experience the processes of self-and groupassessment, team development and the use of effective communication strategies through discussions, assignments, role-playing and case studies. A unique feature of this course-sequence is the interdisciplinary faculty team. The expertise and perspective of each faculty member contribute to the development and teaching of this course. Furthermore, this approach demonstrates the relevance and importance of other disciplinary subject matter to the development and maturation of a pharmacy practitioner. Prerequisite: P-l standing. PHA 302, 401, 402, 501, 502. PHARMACEUTICAL CARE LAB I - V ONE CREDIT EACH This five-semester sequence is designed to develop the student's ability to integrate and apply information as well as practice skills that are taught throughout the curriculum. The use of case studies, role-plays, presentations and other active-learning strategies engages students in the learning process and requires them to synthesize information at increasing levels of compexity as the student moves through the course sequence. Prerequisite: P-l, P-2 or P-3 standing as appropriate for each laboratory. PHA 308. PHARMACEUTICAL AND HEALTH CARE DELIVERY THREE CREDITS Examination of health and pharmaceutical delivery in the U.S. conducted from a societal perspective. Emphasis is on public policy, economic behavior and outcomes. Application will be made to various pharmaceutical sectors (e.g., retail, health systems, manufacturing). Students should gain an understanding of the factors driving transformation of health care delivery and the implications for future pharmacy practice. Lecture: Three hours per week. Prerequisite: P-l standing or consent of instructor. PHA 310. CLINICAL RESEARCH AND DESIGN THREE CREDITS Application of research design concepts and statistical techniques to design, critically analyze and interpret preclinical, clinical and economic studies of pharmaceuticals and treatment plans. Lecture: Three hours per week. Cross-listed with PHS 408. Prerequisite: MTH 150 or equivalent and P-1 standing or consent of instructor. PHA 311 & PHA 312. PHARMACEUTICS I & II FOUR CREDITS EACH The study and application of physico-chemical principles that are necessary for the design, development and preparation of pharmaceutical dosage forms. The study of quantitative skills necessary for an understanding of the basic and clinical pharmaceutical sciences, including skills in pharmaceutical calculations and extemporaneous preparation of dosage forms. Lecture: Three hours per week. Laboratory/Recitation: Three hours per week. Fee: $45 Prerequisite: P-1 standing or consent of instructor. PHA 311 is a prerequisite for PHA 312. PHA 313. PHARMACY CALCULATIONS ONE CREDIT The common mathematical processes that a pharmacist may encounter in professional practice are covered. Interpretation of the prescription, including Latin abbreviations, will be discussed. Medical terminology and the generic name, trade name, manufacturer and classification of the top 100 drugs will also be presented. Lecture one hour per week. Prerequisite: P-1 standing or consent of instructor. PHA 327. MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY FOUR CREDITS An overview of microbiology with special emphasis on pathogenic microbiology. Lecture: Three hours per week. Laboratory: Three hours per week. Fee: $45. Cross listed with BIO 327. Prerequisite: P-1 standing or consent of instructor. PHA 331 & PHA 332. MEDICAL ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY I & II FOUR CREDITS EACH In-depth principles of human anatomy and physiology as well as an introduction to pathophysiology will be presented. Lecture: Two hours per week. Laboratory/Recitation: Three hours per week. Discussion/Recitation: Two hours per week. Cross-listed with PHS 331 & PHS 332. Fee: $45. Prerequisite: P-1 standing or consent of instructor. PHA 331 is a prerequisite for PHA 332. PHA 365. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY FOUR CREDITS Introduction to basic biochemistry concepts, focusing on the structure and function of vitamins, proteins, and lipids as well as bioenergetics and major catabolic pathways. The catabolism of carbohydrates, fats and amino acids will be discussed including reactions and regulation. Common metabolic pathways of drugs, enzyme induction and metabolism down regulation will also be presented. Lecture: Four hours per week. Cross-listed with CHM 365 & PHS 365. Prerequisite: P-1 standing or consent of instructor. PHA 403. INTRODUCTORY PHARMACY PRACTICE EXPERIENCE ONE CREDIT This course will provide introductory practice experiences to students in a variety of practice settings. This early experience is critical to the process of professional socialization which can only develop via interactions with faculty members, practitioners, peers and other health care professionals. Students will spend three hours per week in a structured, supervised learning process in an in-patient or out-patient setting. Students are responsible for transportation to and from all off-campus sites. Prerequisite: PHA 301, PHA 302, PHA 304. PHA 405. PHARMACEUTICAL CARE SYSTEMS: DESIGN & CONTROL TWO CREDITS Examines delivery of pharmaceutical products and services from a systems perspective in a variety of patient care settings. Focus is upon effectiveness, efficiency and quality. Covers design of systems, establishment and monitoring of key indicators, total quality management and quality assurance agencies (e.g., JCAHO, NCQA). Lecture: Two hours per week. PHA 410. IMMUNOLOGY/BIOTECHNOLOGY THREE CREDITS A discussion of nonspecific host defense mechanisms and a detailed description of specific immunity. Products that impart artificial active and passive immunity are presented. The concept of biotechnology is discussed together with the currently available products of genetic engineering that relate to immunology. The various immunological disorders and the immunology of cancer and HIV are discussed. Lecture: Three hours per week. Prerequisite: PHA 331, 332, 365 or consent of instructor. PHA 411. BIOPHARMACEUTICS & CLINICAL PHARMACOKINETICS FOUR CREDITS The fundamentals of biopharmaceutics and pharmacokinetics are presented. The physical and chemical properties of the drug and dosage form and the impact of the route of administration and patient characteristics and disease state will be related to the absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination in the body. Individual drugs and patient case histories will be used to familiarize the student to practice. Lecture: Three to four hours per week. Recitation: zero to three hours per week. Prerequisite: PHA 311, PHA 312 or consent of instructor. PHA 412. MANAGEMENT OF PHARMACY OPERATIONS THREE CREDITS The principles of management, including personnel and financial management, will be covered as they apply to management of pharmacy operations in a variety of settings (e.g., community, health system, managed care). Lecture: Three hours per week. Prerequisite: PHA 308 or consent of instructor. PHA 421, 423, 425, 426, 428, 430, 521, 523, 525, 526, 528, 530 PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS A four-semester, twelve-module sequence (three modules per semester) integrates pharmacology, medicinal chemistry, pathophysiology and pharmacotherapy. This team-taught, interdisciplinary course provides students with the opportunity to learn and apply concepts from these four disciplines. Topics and associated credits are as follows: Prerequisites: PHA 310, 327, 331, 332, 365. PHA 421 PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS I: PRINCIPLES OF PHARMACOLOGY & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY TWO CREDITS PHA 423 PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS II: PRINCIPLES OF PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS TWO CREDITS Prerequisite: PHA 421. PHA 425 PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS III: SELF-CARE AND DERMATOLOGY* THREE CREDITS PHA 426 PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS IV: GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS* TWO CREDITS PHA 428 PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS V: INFECTIOUS DISEASES* FOUR CREDITS PHA 430 PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS VI: HEMATOLOGY, JOINT DISORDERS, SURGERY* TWO CREDITS PHA 521 PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS VII: PULMONARY DISORDERS* TWO CREDITS PHA 523 PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS VIII: CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS* FOUR CREDITS PHA 525 PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS IX: RENAL DISORDERS* TWO CREDITS PHA 526 PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS X: ENDOCRINE DISORDERS & WOMEN'S HEALTH ISSUES* TWO CREDITS PHA 528 PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS XI: NEOPLASTIC DISEASES* TWO CREDITS PHA 530 PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS XII: CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISORDERS* FOUR CREDITS *PHA 423 is prerequisite to PHA 425-530. PHA 450. NEUROPHARMACOLOGY OF DRUGS OF ABUSE THREE CREDITS In-depth analysis of drugs of abuse, including pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, tolerance, sensitization, physical dependence, and effects of drug use during pregnancy. Drug testing and substance abuse treatment strategies will also be discussed. Lecture: Three hours. Prerequisite: PHA 421 or consent of instructor PHA 452. EXTEMPORANEOUS COMPOUNDING THREE CREDITS Students will achieve basic and advanced skills in compounding pharmaceutical dosage forms for individualized patient therapy to replace a lack of commercially available products, and enhance therapeutic problem-solving between the pharmacist and physician to enhance patient compliance. Students will work independently on research assignments and compounding preparations. Lecture one hour, laboratory six hours per week. Fee: $45. Prerequisites: PHA 311 and PHA 312 and permission of instructor. PHA 454. HISTORY OF PHARMACY AND DRUG DEVELOPMENT THREE CREDITS The History of Pharmacy and Drug Discovery is designed to provide the student with a general understanding of the development of the profession of pharmacy and its interrelationship with the discovery of critical therapeutic agents. This course will consider the contributions of the ancient Mesopotamian, Egyptian, Chinese, Greek and Roman cultures to the development of Pharmacy. The student will also be exposed to events that lead to the rise of professional pharmacy in Europe during the Renaissance period. Using this as a foundation the course will focus on the development and rise of professional pharmacy within the United States from the 15th century to modern times. An important aspect of this course will be discussions concerning the development of critical therapeutic agents that revolutionized the treatment of disease and how these discoveries affected the profession of pharmacy. Aspects of the scientific process and how it has contributed to these discoveries will also be discussed. PHA 455. INTRODUCTION TO THE MANAGEMENT OF THE COMMUNITY PHARMACY THREE CREDITS This course is designed to introduce the student to concepts needed to be a successful community pharmacist. The student will be introduced to principles in pharmacy and fiscal management, legal issues relating to pharmacy and entrepreneurship. This course will consist of lectures and projects related to pharmacy management and practice, and legislative issues. PHA 503 AND PHA 504. LONGITUDINAL CARE LAB I & II ONE CREDIT EACH Students will follow a patient or patients over an extended period of time in a medical or home setting. Pharmaceutical knowledge and skills will be applied in communications, health assessment, monitoring of pharmacotherapy, evaluation of both humanistic and clinical outcomes. Issues of health care, cost access and quality as revealed through each patient's interaction with health and pharmaceutical care systems will be addressed. Three hours per week. Students are responsible for transportation to and from all off-campus experiential sites. Prerequisite: PHA 503 is prerequisite to PHA 504. PHA 505. PHARMACY LAW TWO CREDITS The study of federal and state statutes, regulations and court decisions which control the practice of pharmacy and drug distribution. Civil liability in pharmacy practice and elements of business and contract law will be covered. Lecture: Two hours per week. PHA 509. ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS & SERVICES THREE CREDITS Introduction to commonly used economic evaluation methods (e.g., cost-minimization, cost-utility, cost-benefit, cost-effectiveness) as applied to pharmaceutical products and services. Quality of life and outcomes research will also be explored. Emphasis is on understanding evaluation methods and research design and interpreting the relevant literature for practice applications. Lecture: Three hours per week. Prerequisite: PHA 308 and PHA 310 or consent of instructor. PHA 510. GENERAL MEDICINE ADVANCED PHARMACY PRACTICE EXPERIENCE SIX CREDITS Integration of basic pharmacy related concepts to the delivery of pharmaceutical care in general medicine practice. Clinical practice: Forty hours per week for a total of six weeks. Prerequisite: P-4 standing. PHA 511. AMBULATORY CARE ADVANCED PHARMACY PRACTICE EXPERIENCE SIX CREDITS Integration of basic pharmacy related concepts to the delivery of pharmaceutical care in ambulatory care settings. Clinical practice: Forty hours per week for a total of six weeks. Prerequisite: P-4 standing. PHA 512. COMMUNITY ADVANCED PHARMACY PRACTICE EXPERIENCE SIX CREDITS Integration of basic pharmacy related concepts to the delivery of pharmaceutical care in community practice settings. Clinical practice: Forty hours per week for a total of six weeks. Prerequisite: P-4 standing. PHA 513. RURAL ADVANCED PHARMACY PRACTICE EXPERIENCE SIX CREDITS Integration of basic pharmacy related concepts to the delivery of pharmaceutical care in rural practice settings. Clinical practice: Forty hours per week for a total of six weeks. Prerequisite: P-4 standing. PHA 532 ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE AND NUTRITION THREE CREDITS This course gives an overview of various alternative/contemporary medicine practices: homeopathy, herbal therapy, chiropractic, acupuncture, acupressure, body massage, ayurvedic, and shamanic practices. This course will also give an overview on the concept and practice of nutrition: parenteral and enteral nutrition. Lecture: Three hours. Prerequisite: PHA 331, 332, 365 or consent of instructor. PHA 550. PRINCIPLES OF EXPERIMENTAL PHARMACOLOGY THREE CREDITS This course is designed to increase the student's appreciation of the science of pharmacology. The student will be exposed to principles and theories that are currently used to interpret pharmacological data about new drug products and physiological systems in both humans and animals. A series of articles will be used to demonstrate application of pharmacological techniques, and the student will be asked to suggest additional techniques to further clarify published hypotheses. The student will conduct experiments to apply pharmacological theories and techniques and to use the scientific method to gain data to support a hypothesis. Fee: $45. PHA 551. VETERINARY PRODUCTS THREE CREDITS Veterinary Products is designed to introduce pharmacy students to Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics and the role of the pharmacist in the care of animals. The students will evaluate the most commonly used drugs in veterinary care and relate that evaluation to the use of these drugs in humans. The student will learn fundamental concepts that will allow the student to provide pharmaceutical care to animals and assist the veterinarian and owner in the care of pets and domestic animals. There will be a field trip to a zoo on one Saturday during the course. Prerequisites: PHA 424 and 426. PHA 552. PRINCIPLES OF BIOORGANIC AND MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY THREE CREDITS This will be an introductory course whose aims are to provide the principles of bioorganic and medical chemistry, including an understanding of drug structure-activity relationships, prediction of the physicochemical properties of a drug, basic knowledge of the major pathways of drug metabolism and factors that can contribute to drugdrug interactions. Prerequisites: CHM 231-232, PHA 327, 365.
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